Internal combustion engine



March 29, 1932. B. c. STICKNEY INTERNAL COMBUSTI ON ENGINE Filed April 19, 1929 s sheets-Sheet 1 March 29, 1932.

B. C. STICKNEY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed April 19, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet March 29, 1932.

B. C. ST ICKNEY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed April 19, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet Patented Mar. 1932 v I 1,851,547?) 7 I application fi 1edtApri119, 1929. Serial 'No. 35633815 f This invention .relatesto internal combus therewith, there is an enhaustport of pr fe -i tion engines of; the two-cycle type, although ably double or morethan double. theh'eight some of the features are useful forfour-cycle of said intake-port, the exhausteport open-v g i I: ing'first and-producing areductiOIlQfiPWS The'principal object of-the invention is to sure in bothcylinders' before the intakerport 6a produce at low cost a relatively light, oomopens. Y

pact, powerful and-ldurable and dependable Fuel is drawnthroughia I hi h-speed englne of simple construction, usual type. The charge ofmixedgas anjjd air-f Another principal object is'to provide imispumped fromthe carburetor toithe'intake :0 proved means for pumping the charges into cyhnder 1n eachpair. .T he i takgg ylind gVm} the cylinders,a1'1d an improvement in thefeonare arranged 1n the middle z e ffl n i structioni' andb'alancing 10fLthecrank=shaft. between the exhaust-cylinderswhichOQoupy The crank-shaft illustrated is ofj'the. twothe outer zones; j Therei's providedone pump throw type having only two wrists,' which are for each inosculated pair of cylinders, making" diametrically oppositemEach wrist isoperpreferably a groupof eight. pumps E h 6 1 able by eight'pistons, thepiston-rods placed pump 18 Connected" by a. pitnian't'o the crank; side by side and extending in various di'rec-' shaft-1 The pumps aregmflpQ .i fi dd e tions from the wrists to their respective Zone, 1. 6., between thezonesfof-theintak cylinders. The cylinders are arranged in cylinders. a k

" rowswhich' extend longitudinally of the Eaflh p mp IIIP E G I L harge i crankshaft, four cylinders in, each row. outward stroke so thatit becomes practicable Each oflthe four rowsis divided into two toconnect the piston by a simple pitma'nkto pairs, and the cylinders in each pairare in;- the crank-shaft! While one pump piston is Y osculated and drivenxby thesame eXplosion being thrust out by=the crank-shafhthe en:

of-gas, which is ignited by asinglesparkgine-pistons whichare to be fed therebyare 75 plug. In otherv words,-there are preferably. being driven towards the crank-shaft? The h eight pairsoficylinders, four pairs working outwardthrust of the pump compresses the on one crank-wrist 'and four pairsupon the charge, and when the engine-pistons. reach other. .1 All of the rows of cylinder-heads the ends of the down strokespthey opentheypreferably radiate at. angles of 45 degrees portsin the intakecylinders, and the afore 9 fromone another, thus'producingabalanced isaid compressed chargesenter said ports,land action; two pistons rising while the other two drive the exhaust gas out of both engine-cyldescend in the same-row; Thepistons may inders in each pair; the engine being of the be very small in diameter and have a moderate two-cycle variety. When said paired enginestroke. Oneofjthe wrists may-be integral pistons are rising, their.pump-pistoni-fisde- 3 stroke. In the other cylinder inosculated 'ofthe pump-piston; and theintake-ports of with the middle journal section of the shaft, scending and drawing. in a-new charge the and piston-rods may-be slipped upon one intake-ports ofthe punipbeingclbsed during. wrist, one after another,'-and suitably con thegmost of the down stroke-of the pumpnected .to the pistons and arranged in the piston,butbeing opened at the bottomof the cylinders. Then the otherslwrist may be Stroke and admittingca chargegfrom thecar i slipped throughtheremainingVpitmen, and buretor. i

the. pin may .be rigidly secured. Upon each During this pumpingoperation, the ports Wristis a sleeve, and the hubs of the pitmen in the intake-cylinderfof theengine remain fit uponthesleevel *1 a a coveredor closedbytheintake-pistonofthe There'areeight equallyspaced explosions engine. i l-. q r

in'each'revolution. r The pumps'mayrbeof overcapacity, that Eachpair ofi'nos culated cylinders includes is, each: pump may haveenlarged clearance an"intakewylinderhaving a port openedby therein, so as to makeit'unnecessaryto dethe piston at the 1ast:portion of its power- 'velop xcessive pressure at thelou'tward stroke 003,

the pump may heflover-sized, so as to afford time for the charge to flow in from the can buretor, even though in'some cases there may not be produced a high degree of exhaust 1n the pump-cylinder, owing to over-size or overclearance and'owingto large clearance chamber between pnmp and engine-cylinder.

- The -eng'ine-body may comprise-a -main These six Cylinders may vbecast in one piece and this piece may be fastened naxli lallypn thc main frame which has angularly placed seats fem 11:; four groups ofcylinders Each pair 'cfaaenginesmay have-a separate-Waterj acket orall cf the'iCylii-idersin" each-group or cast in g ma-y haven-separate waterj ticket. The erank-shaft in th sengrne may be made,

Withfour main bearings, namely, two middle ones; and-twoend ones. BetWee'n-themiddle twaendim ks;

. bearings-may be -two opposite eccentrics,-cne

eccentric ad j-acent to the-other. The e'ntire V cranksh ft may be in onepieceexcept'forthe I "hieh mayhe separatelyat tackedtc the ends 'o t the -crank wristsij F-Each I eccentric is jplaeed; diametricallyopposite to its associated crank- 'four straps, each pump piston; iflheg pu nps are arranged in echelon. The pumps are in pairs, each pairl in line" with: tyvo pairs: of engine-cylinders; th e pumps: beingzbetiveen the pairs of cylinders;

Each-iinosculated pair of. engine-cyli1 id=ers provided with one pump, havinglaipiston which Qalw ays moves in: the opposite "dire-etion fI'OIIbthGi-IfiStQDSiIl theengine-cylinders, each f-piiinpbeing-lflriyen? by an. eccentric. i-he ec- -qentricwarnangementa'is; preferred; being more nompact than crzankav-rists-lwould: be and also v cheaper, and gthegreat diameter or the ecen trici'is not ohjectionabl tbec ause the eccentric does not-dovery muchityork, merely pumping 'in the charge: of fuel-andcompi essingiit toa pressure. ofa from; five-Ito fifteen pounds .a be ve atmospheric i preparatory to discharging in to its engine-cylinders. '(Phis;arrangement gives vei'y good? balancing,=because leach. pnmppi'ston is: traveling'opposi-tely from:itsassociated engine-pistons. iFor the shaft t oihave 'ifcor bearings: insteadaof; three is anadvant age; the middlrbearingsbeingell separated, and: the

length of the engine-crank wrists beingshort. :Each J-pumpscylinder; disch urges directly into the .enearest engine-cylinder t-hrough a short.

spassargezon chamber. ofipropen capacity; The

"engine and pump cylinders are aligned .in

three-cylinder zgroups, :ea ch group :liaving paircf'engin e.-cylindersg and :a. pumpecylinder therefor. here -a1'e".fseve=r al 1 advantages gainedihy:havingfiheeccentric diametrically opposite:the, crank-Wrist, since theipn np -.pis.-

istl #O-n eachj eccentric rap" forniing part ct ton thrusts outwardly to compress the charge, While the engine-pistons are driven inwardly by anexploded charge. Each pump-piston completes its outWa-rd thrust to compress the i I charge,whicl1 discharges into the adjacent intake-cylinder as soon as the portsof the latter are pe,nedv by the descending engine-piston.

Four eccen'tridstraps nay be attached upon V .eachseccentric.

,,W11en .the ompressed charge reaches the engine, it sca'venges 'firstthe intake cylinder and-then theexhaust-cylinder, with very little 7 mixing of fresh gaswith'spent gas, as the; i

. intake port maybe formedso that it will close at the desired point, in advance of the closingot; th-BXhlillSt-POI'I) s0 thattheffuel gas Other features and "advantages vaivvill here matter-appear.-

" In' 'the; accompanying diagrammatic drawifngs, r1

ill-l3: igure 1 is a 'cross= s ectienal elevationshow ing-aniarrayofrpnmps,

"@{F'gure-2iisi across=sectional elevationcof. I thelenginei-bl ock showingeight engineapistens c'on'nected to one ofi the'icnankewrists; and

four pumps -connectedito. anaeccentricl I flfignreifii is ai longitudinal sectional. elevat-ion o'jf the-engine and pumps." 1 1 3 F iglllieil' is planmfJ-the engineQpartlyE-i-n 5 Eigi re -fi -i'slasectienlanrl Eignreztfizaiplan showing amow 'ofz engine-ran'd pum cylinders forming a single-radial casting jaFigure uref3. ir v =2 .;In: lathe preferred fform of the invention 5 'heing taken -.-a t;about t-hezline' of cylinder 2Oan1dan(exhauStQcylindenQl;which may be placed; side; by. side; havingia common explosion-.ehamberor .inoscnlation 22'. .?In the cylindersariaseparate-pistons 23,.24, conniecte'dibysmdsi 25 xandpivotsa19 :to Wrists-27',

28 0fi-atwoethrow crankshaft-.29.. At

are? 3 1 is shown a row; offour cylinders,: consisting of: two pairs. *There are shown at Figures Qan'dA-LfOIJrfif these 'rows.

. as. atteFigune=2 ithe1rows Sane evenly-Sp aced", each row beingaseparated ifromathe lnext by an angle of 4:5 aclegrees Theresare eight evenly spaced explosions rfor ea/ch revolution of the crankeshaft.

Toieachi 'erank-zw'rist 27,28 are -.:.airticula ted igllt9I'QdS, cennecting'libtoeight. pistons,

iworking-tinieiglit cylinder s, radiating inithe four directions seen at Fignre-a2. Theztwo .middle; rows of.'cy1 i nd ers are eachisp'aced at an angle of 22 degrees ffroma' vertical ,planeintersecting theaix-is ofithecrankshaft.

"-{P-h on-ter rows zra'diateiatnn angle: of: 61

degrees from the vertical pl'ane.v sltfawilllbe understood thnt ithere are: four rowsfio'fren- '5':

ginspistons, iourineach'row, half of the engine-pistons ineach'r'ow being connected to one crank-wrist and half to the other. Each 'row is sub-divided into two pairs, the engine-pistons in one pair moving as a unit inthe opposite directionfrom" the engine- 7 be placed a thin-Walledsplit bearing collar pistonsinthe other pair in the same row.

* Figure ishows' that the pairs of cylinders and their respective engine-heads have an echelon arrangement,- agreeing" with the .al ternating arrangement ofthe pltmen upon the left-hand and the right-hand crank-I The cylinders in each pair form an enginehead 33; as seen at Figure 4;, two engineheads "in each row the eight engine-heads being in echelon arrangement. The heads ineach radial row may all be cast integral.

,The' left-hand crank-wrist 27, Figure 8, accommodates the hubs of eight pit-men 25, of which group of pitmen the first and fifth,

counting 1-1 m the right,belong tothe enginea way shaft-bearings 29, and c'onduce to comheadshown, thefsecondandsixth belong to another engine head, the third. and seventh belong to another engine-head,'and the fourth and"eighth belong totheflr'emaining engine head. 'By this arrangement undue separation of the pistons in the engine-head is avoided,

a and the capacity ofeach explosion-chamber 22 is kept at a minimum. The invention is, howev'er,not limited to this order of'the pitmen upon the crank-shaft, nor to the precise echelon arrangement shown for theengineheads.

There is acorresponding arrangement of' the pitmen of the right-hand crank-wrist 28;

- Three'pitme-n of other engine-cylinders may cylinders.

intervene between the pitmen of each pair of The piston-rods in each pair may thus be separated to afford 'thisspace for. the other v pitmen. This conduces fto shortness and smooth running.

. l Every down stroke'of each piston is a power stroke, thus placing this simple engine on a par with the sixteencylinder, eightthrow, four-cycle engine, with its thirty-two revolution as can be obtained in the common' the engine is moreover evenly driven means of the eight evenlyspaced impulses-at each revolution.

The crank-shaft maybe cut froma cylinand r'gid'ty of the shaft, simplicity, balance eight-cylinder, eightfthrow," four-cycle en;

(ll'lcal barit 'forl nfthe Journals, leaving uncut portions 46 of orig inal diameter -to-serve ascranks and flywheels, and also leaving similar portions 47 at 'each side of the midway journals 293E017 a similar purpose. Upon each crank-pin may between the mixed gas; and air from a :carburetor (not 7 shown) through a manifold 50; The pumps in each row form ahead 51 between the env V gine-heads. One "pump-piston 52 in each pairserves the left-hand engine-cylinders 20,

21 at Figure 3, andthe, other'pump-piston53 Which may be formed upon the-crankshaft.

serves the'right-handengine-cylinders 20, 212 These pump-pistons;areidriven by 'means of eccentric-straps 54 from ec( :entrics '56, 58 5 Th-e'eccentricsare placed-between the midv pactness' in that they. permit. relative short ness ofthe crank-shaft. The pump-eccentric 56 is diametricallyopposite the engine crankwrist 27, and hence theforcing orup stroke 1 of the pump-piston 52 occurs during the ex plosion'or down strokes of the pistons 23,724. Durin'g fsaidup strokes of52the drawnrin ports are uncovered at the conclusion ofthe l down stroke of theintakeeenginepiston"23;

Upon, the succeeding :Vdown stroke "of the pump-piston 52,'sa id ports 55 remain closed,

so that such down strokeof piston52 creates apartial vacuum in; the pump-cylinder 61.

Near thebottom of the 'pump-stroke,ports 59 V are opened, and

a C rge entersfro th manifold50.

' During the just-mentioneddown stroke of pump-piston 52, the companion pump-piston 53 in cylinder 62 rises, and forces the previously-inspired charge to spurt through ports I I 55 into-the intakecylinder '20 in themain engine-head, and to' expel {spent "gases throughinosculation 22and thro'ughexha' st v, cylinder 21 and exhaust-port 57, asfindicated I r by arrows at Figure 3 w i a The pump-cylinders 61, 62 are -set formed within a relatively large head; or

chamber 51, and are sealed therefrom ex cept for the inlet-ports 59-, which are arranged at the bottom or floor 630i the chamber or compartment; each plumpcylinder being therefore totally sealed" from said compart ment durin nea'rly'theentire up and-down T strokes of the piston;

"Both the pump-cylinders the compartment may be closed by means of a detachable jcap 64, having interior cylindrical walls-65 fitted to thetops or edges of the cylinders 613162; Said-cylindersfifi are headed overiat 66 by means of Pa; top nwhichis integral with the cap -64 --an.c lcmeXtenSive with said; cylinders-65. y V l The :shape of IthQ/L cap -.-is oblong to correspend} with; the shape-of the -pun p head 5 1,

an'daa transverse space :67 over the pumps form'sa connnnnicationbetween theopposite side compartmentsofthis chamber. ;The

manifold ,50 1 opens into the top -68 I of said cap :64; f The wentering :mixed gas and air passes dowri into the transyerse passage-.67, asshownby theifull-line arrows atF igure 3,:and1'then down: into thewside. compartments 63 exteriorly of thepuinp-cylinders, as shown by dOttCClHITOWS, andithen enters thein- 7 drawing .pl mpthrough the intake -po rts- 59,

: .asshown-by flilltarrowsk I v a Qn t-he next-upstroke, the charge; is grad ually vcempressed, :As; soon was the engine:

. ports-55am,open, thecompressed mixture ex- V pandsand drives "through an outletv 69 in the y top? of the ptni pfand down througha-"charnpressure oi the-previously; pumped-in charge her/7O and out from-aport 71 in thei -bottom thereof, andintol-a shallow compartment li which surrounds the intake-mgimgcylinder QO a-nd communicates therewith by means, of

intakefports 55; 'lThennpper end of each "pump is enlarged or;recessedcircurnferenti ally at 73l to permittheescape" of the compressed charge through said outlet 6}); which isformed in: thebottoin of this recessed or enlarged; portion of the:- p-inn'p-cylinder;

' :Thecubic; capacity of the clearance at-the top of the pump-cylinder and the chamber or passage 7 O'is preferably less than the cubic displacement flOfQt/he: pumpgpiston so "that the may beiraised for; example to 10 pounds per square inch "atevery upstroke ,of the: pump:

' piston; sol-as to provide the charge with s i-fii cient energy for; driving outi'the spent charge from the ad oiniiig lnosculatedcyl'mders.

i-Said cubic eapacityshouldbe so proportioned as to-give*sufiicientkdraft so that the charge from the carburetor will enter the pump -properly,-' hem the piston is in position-shown ate52 Figurc 3. j y n 7' The necessary @ubic displacement of each plirnp piston 52, -53. (which preferably has the "same length of stroke as the engine-pistons) may be provided for by making the diameter of the -pump; p-iston considerablyllarger than that ofitheenginegpistomas illustrated. The pum p piston' idisp'lacementmay be equal or nearly equal to the. displacement of twoengine pistons combined, so that one stroke" of '=the1 pun 1p-piston be substantially suflioientito charge both inosculated engine-cylind-e-rs. As wilL be observedat theright-hand' portion of 23, the exhaust charge maybe alhornearly all, driven outthroughthe port 67, r with Ja :minimumof mixing-I exhaust gas" with fresh gas {this clearness being secured abyl having reasonably high initial pressure the Wris'tQ8, etc. f'Smooth ch ming ffore be. readily secured. r

of? the charge which I spqrtsithrough the; port 55-anclbecomesreduce'dznearly to-atmosfiheric pressure,-ifthe engine is running very'slowly,

by thetimethatlthe ez rhanst port 57-is'closed' by the rising piston It Will/be nnfderstdod 1 tha e c mp e cfg ay have slifl'icieiitly high initial pressure to insnrelel-igrriinationvof the exhaust gas 1 Without-wasted fresh gas;

If it i is desired to run the enginejslowly-wrheii the :load' is small, then 1 the li ls ialf b litteiifly throttle yl-not ,sho-wi1) I which (su plies the man fol We n r h l fi e t r les d d a the low-pressure charge drawnrin D, by [the pump-piston doesnot have timeftofrisefito i atmospheric presstirQ-ibut ,lnaylstill remain at say l0-or- 12 po und'slabsohite pressure when the inlets $59 have-been losedzby l the r singp sw s Un e h-Partlythm t d ne clition', the piston" considerably more or'den to :;.bririg the g pressu're vofrthe th rseep e t mor ei j re ft r;' s

during the relatiyely s nall rernaiitdeflofi smegma isamicsn etsraise' 'theqpressi re r ryfl i h 511-m y f fi 'i ?P 1 I 'above-1atmospheric, Hence arelativ secured. the other hand, when thelthrot; tle is ,wide openythe engine ma'yTbeiun at high. speed, 'since the piiinprpi'stons 52;

will er l h ges mto the inosculatedeylin; fi fl pressure. i

[The eccentricsT56are' nade o'flarge diameter; :so as; ayoi d necessity of I providing additional bulky crank-arms. for driving; the pumps I he; great I diameter j of {the eaten tricsisnot objectionable; becansethe Work d011e .by,the 3 pumps is; relatively f light. f The heayy eccentric "56 plus the heavy eccentricstraps semen 1:50 counter balance the heayy crank -wri'st'27 andits'pitmanhiibs connected thereto: ,1 Moreover, (the reciprocating; parts gine; :Ilhe same {is true irrarespect te/the era-111L558; letc rwli ich' tends to conniteri'balance ma t e pernpehea d, seen'at Figure 3,ji 1ay be castjall innone'piece, as shown at Figures 5 ands but the pu nprcapsfi linay be detachable; and the same, maybe true of the engine-cap 74f75; the latter having theinosciilated engine=portionsQQ, nd'being. also provided with spark plugs "'7 6 opening'into the 'inosciilations;' ,the engine-caps being Water-jacketed as shown.

115 52,54tf the'jpurnpftend to counter-balance v the reciprocating" pa'rts'23; 24,25o'fthe ehrThehtwo engine heads andfthe interyening I meme? g The members 27, 28, 47, 56, 58 of the crank vshaft may be made in oneplece, Whichfmay be cut down from'a single heavy shaft.- The pitmen25 may be slipped onto the Wrists 27,

528, or rather upon the bushings 48, andthen the ends of the crankewristsmay be set into sockets 77 formed in theend weightsti,

which; are integral with the end-shafts 29, being joined thereto by integral disk-por- 'tions 78; and set-screws 7 9 may be employed for holding the wrists 27, 28rigidly connectmay include supports 86, extending ly and outwardly frointhe shaft-bearings,

7 their Cooling wvater may glue-heads through bran livering to adjacent engineheads; and the ed to the members 46. Said members t6, as well as the members l'lfllmay vbe shaped 'to help counterbalance the wrist-pins 27, 28 and belongings; and extra counterbalancing rim-segments 80 may be secured uponthe members 46., a 1 v v The crank-shaft may be mounted in bearings'Sl, 82, 83, 84, forming part offaframe- Work, and the shaft may be held in place by detachable ,members 1 85. The framework upward and carrying at their outer ends foursubstantially similar'sloping beds 87,. onefor each of theengine-heads seen at Figures 5. and 6-, the lattenbeing fastened down uponthe beds by bolts 88. These fourengine-heads may be similar one to another for economical manufacture, but areplacedin the echelon arrangement, seen at F gure 4, to agree with thedescribel arrangement of the pitmen and the eccentric-straps 54.. The eccentricstraps may be secured uponthe eccentricin any suitable Way,

as by ]oiningtheir ends,as indicated at 89, Figure 3.

It will be noted hatthe chamber entends from the-upperor deliyery endofthel pump down to the intake-ports of the enginecylinder, 1 a Back-firing, dangers are minimized or avoided, since When any engine-cylinder has its inlet-ports open, its outlet-port 15 3130 open,

and moreover the associated pump-plston closes the port 69, thus shutting ofl' communication and preve nting ignition of gasmixture inthemanifold and carburetor. 5'

be supplied to the enh pipes 90 each deheated ater maybe led off through delivery pipe 91;

' B. C D are respectively in line I pump-heads F G H and also with the At Figure 4, eas ents marked A opposite engine-heads I J KL.

The-pumps, which are arranged in echelon,

1 have their pitmen or eccentric-straps side by side upon the eccentrics, vided With SPIlt-yfil'ltd-fllCtlOIl tubes,

either more, or

the latter being probushings or Washers 92. p v H So long-as the rows of engine-heads are evenly spaced, the engine may be made with. less than the four rows shown;

as for example with three rows spaced at 60 being divided 7 into pistons, to the other with the degrees, or two rows at 90 degrees, or {live rows at 36 degrees,

Variations may scope ofgthe invention, and portions improvementsmay be usediwithout. others, i

orv8-rows at 22 degrees.

- av g h s: described ma -inventi n; :I"

1 An internallcombustion enginehaving-a crank-shaft provided withflonlytwq W IilSts, .sa1d :Wl'lSliS being diametrlcally opposite, s xteen cyllnders, sa d cylindersarrangedin;

separated. rows hicjh e 'xtendjlongitudinally t m' 1 1en, th rel e n j euecylinbe re iq f ed to Within the i I cyl r n e eem sai shali Qfthe pistons in eachero'vv for ,one crank -Wrist and 'halflforthe othenthe cylinders in each row two pairs, the: cylinders in eachpair being side by sidejandinos culated andhaving a sparkplug, pi tm enconnecting four pairs ofsaid pistonsto one crank wrist, .pitmen {connecting the other; four pairs 1 of crank-Wrist; all-of the rows of. cylinders. radiating at angles,

degrees from, one anotherto secure eight evenly-spaced explosions at each revolution i" off; the crank-shaft, each pair of cylinders forming an engine he'ad and there beingitwo engine heads ineac h row, theengineeheads in the dilferent rovvs ,being in echelon pr v the illke arrangement, and the pitmenha'ving corresponding arrangements uponj the crank- 1 I Wrists, I

in each pair forthree otherpitmen, and each of sai'd other pitmen belonging to adifierent engineehead,eccentricson said shaft for drivinglthe pumps, all of the engine an'd pump there being space betvveen the pitmen heads being in echelon,'.eachpump-head hav-l ing two oppositely-acting pumps, and;com- .pression chambers between the pumps. and the pairs of engine cylinders vided 'With diametrically-opposite wristspin-i .osculatedi engine-cylinders having. pistons connected to said Wrists, said crankeshafthaving eccentrics thereon adjoinings'aid ,ivrists, v

the. engineewrlsts,v

thereon;

3. engine-having; a crankshaft pro-:

:vided with diametricallyeopposite Wrists, iii-.1

2.,An engine havlng a crank shaftv pro v and: engineecharg' -n'g-pumps dri-venjby said 1 osculatfed; engine-cylinders; having pistons V connected to said Wrists, each crank-shaft having-eccentrics thereon adjoining said Wrists, iandengine-ch arging pumps driven by said eccentrics, each eccentric being diametrically opposite to its companion engineyvrist, said eccentrics' being of greater diameter than ;the englne wrists, each eccentric "having a plurality of' radial pump-pitmen "mounted; -thereon, the? crank-shaft ha'vlng *menfconnecting half of said pistonsto one engine-wrist,"pitmen connecting the :other half of said pistons to'the other engine wrist,

all oftheirows of cylinders radiating at. equal 1 angles from one another to secure numerous evenly-spaced "explosions at each revolution "of the crank-shaft. each pair of cylinders form ng an engine-head and there being two engine-heads in each row, the'engine-headsin the different rows being in echelon or the like arrangement, and the pitmen having corresponding alternating arrangements'upon the crank-wrists, pump-cylinders cast integral with engIne-headsin the sevcral rows, and

pump-wrists on. said shaft for drivingthe pumps, each wrist being connected to drive a pump 1n each of sa1d rows.

10. A high-speed reciprocatory balanced.

automobile-engine having a crank-shaft formed with diametrically-opposed wrists, pairs of inosculated engine-cylinders having pistons directly connected in pairs to each crank-wrist, said cylinders disposed side by side in a plurality of rows'lengthwise of the crank-shaft, the cylinders in one row at an angle to the cylinders in another row, a pair of pistons in each row being connected to one crank-wrist and the other p air in th e same row being connected to the othercrank-wrist, the

cylinders, pistons and crank-shaft being or ganlzed to secure evenly-spaced power strokes v in sufficient number at each revolution of the shaft to produce a continuous torque there-- on, and a reciprocating pump grouped with each pair of engine-cylinders for charging them with mixed air and fuel, said pumps having reciprocating pistons and said crankshaft having additional wrists for the pumppistons, each pump-wrist being diametrically opposed to its companion crank-wrist,

each pump arranged in the same row with its engine-cylinders, and each PHIIIP-WI'lSt'ClIlV- 'ing a plurality of pumps,one in eachof said cylinder-rows;

11. A high-speed reciprocatory balanced 1 automobile-engine having a crank-shaft formed with diametrically-opposed wrists, pairs of inosculated engine-cylinders having pistons directly connected in pairs to each crank-wrist, said cylinders disposed side by. side in a plurality of rows lengthwise'of thev crank-shaft, the cylinders in one row at an' angle to the cylinders in another row, a pair,

of pistons in each row being connected to one crank-wrist and the other pair in the same row being connected to the other crank-wrist,

the cylinders, pistons and crank-shaft being organized to secure evenly-spaced power strokes in sufiicient number at each revolution of the shaft to produce a continuous torque thereon, a pump grouped with each pair of engine-cylinders for charging them with mixed air and fuel, said pumps having reciprocatory pistons and said crank-shaft having additional, wrists for the'pump-pis- 7. rows of cylinders.

each crank-wrist, radially sideby, side in pl-uralityfof rows lengthwise of the crank-shaft a'pair ofpis pump arranged in the'same rowwith'its' pair tons, each pump-wrist being j diametrically opposed to its companion crankewrist, each of engine-cylinders, and each pump-wrist f driving a plurality o fpumps, one in each of wrist adjoining each engine-wrist 12; Engine according the pumps being correspondingly staggered,

each pair of cylinders formingja singlecastingj' with their companion pump-cylinder, and a base having angularly-dispo'sed" faces upon which said castingsfarelsecured to form A high-speed reciprocatorybalanced automobile-engine having a crank-shaft formed with diametrically-opposed wrists,

pairs of radiatingn inosculated'engineecylinders having pistons directlyficonnectedj airs to eachcrank-wrist said c linderjs-c 5- i 7 .7 i v to claim 11,,allotf the engine-c {linders' jbeing staggered,,and'

posed side by side in a pluralityfofirows lengthwise of the crank-shaft, onerow atan angle to another, a pair of pistons'in each. row

being connected by apair of pitmendirectly to one crank-wrist and another pair of pitmen in the samerow being directly connected to the other crank-wrist, the cylinders being offset" in the different rows, a pump grouped with each pair of engine-cylinders for'charg ing them with measured chargesof mixed air and fuel, sa1d pumps having reciprocatory pistons and said crank-shaft having additional wrists for the-,pump-pistons, each pump-wrist being diametrically opposed to its companion engine-wrist, each pump being arranged in the 'samerow with its pair ofengins-cylinders. and each pump-wristjdriving aplurality of pumps,jone in each ofsaid cylinder-rows, the pumpsbeing oilset and pump-pitmen side by" siderrad-iating from each pumprist. I 1 Q TQQipp af inosculated engine-cylinders having pistons with pitmen directly n'iounted in pairs upon said cylinders dlsposed tons in eachrow being connected to one engineqvrist and'the othen pair 1111118 same row-being connected to the other engine' wrist and a set of reciprocatory charging pumps one for each pair of'engine-cylinders, said pumpshaving reciprocatory pistons and said crank-shaft having eccentrics forming wrists for pump-pi ston, pitmen, each eccentric being diametrically opposed to the cornpanion eng1ne wr1st, each pump arranged in v balanced automobileeng ne including a crank-shaft havlng diametrlcally-opposed eng ne-wrists, pairs 30f same row with its engine-cylinders, and

{culate'd cylinders beingin aline with two each eccentric drivingai plurality pumps, one

each of said engine cylinder rows. 2 t reci procatory balanced} -automobile "engine including a crank-shaft having dianietrica lly oppose'd engineqvrists, pairs of in foseu' ed"engine-cyli'nders having pistons j witlrpitn en-directly mounted in pairs upon each -crank-wri'st, SET ICl cyhnd'ers disposed ra- 'gi'amny side-byside inva plurality ofrows lei-i551:hyvi'se ofth'e crank-shaft, apair' of pisj tons in each row' being connected to one engin'e-wrlst' and the other PillIflEtllQSflH-IQ row I being connected to the other QIlgIDGWIlSt,

' andia set of reciprocatory"chargingpumps one for each 'aai'i' f'of engine}cylinders, said pumps having rec procatory pistons and said crank-shaft having eccentrics" forining wrists for pump-piston p1tmen';feacl1' QCCGDtllC bB ing diametrically opposed tothe companion enginewrist, 'eachpui np arranged in the samerow With its engine-cyhndera and; each eccentric driving a plurality ofpumps, one 3 'in'eaen of said engine-cylinder rows, ;thieen- Y gine=pitmen mounted side 'by side upon the engine-Wrists, the pump-pitrnen side by side iupon thfeecentflae, and-theengine-cylinders j v and pump-cylindersbeing arranged in eche- *l'6g l a hi gh-speed automobile-engine the opening; of saidinle't port; twopairs of inos Q pumps, andtwo other :pairs of inoscujlated cylinders and twoother pumps being all-in line; and at an angle'to' the first set; theipumpsf bein between the" pairs of cylinders the "'cran shaft having twodiainetrica.1ly-op p'osed Wristsea-ch connected to four enginepistons and two other diametricaHy opposed, o

Wrists each connected to two pumps; each Wrist on said shaft being:diametrically-op posedtothe nextgallof the engine cylinders having an echelonarra-n v pumps "having corresponding echeloniar BURNHAM STICKNEY. r

rangement.

flexibleclass having a crank-shaft, radial 'rowsef pairs ofinosculatedcylinders pro- I vided with pistons-said crank-shafthaving diametrically-opposed engine-Wrists, the pistonsin'ea1chpair being connect-ed to the same 'wrists; an'd the pairs of pistonsbeing muturally bttlan'ced, the cylinders, pistons and crank-shaft being organized for producing evenly-spaced power'strokesf'insuflicient IIUIIL, ber at'eac h revolution of the shaft t'o' produce acon'tinuous torque thereon, and each engine- 'wri'st servin for bearingfor aplurality of V v spri'tn ien, diametrically-opposite pump-Wrists being alsorovided on said shaft,'and'pistonsdri'ven; by s-aidpump-Wrists for charging Y 'ftlie engine-cy1inders, a plurality'of pump 9 pistons being connected to each pump-wrist.

-17; The combination of a crank-shaft,

shaft, one oftheinosculated cylinders in each sets of inoscul'ated' enginecylinders; pistons 7 "Working-1n said cylinders and driving said set'havi'i'ig aninlet port, and another thereof" in each set; "having an exhaust port, pumps for mixed air and fuel, one pump for each pair o'f englne-cylinder's each pump having a cylinder and a piston reciprocating therein and connected to said shaftto he driven thereby, and'la source of supply for the pumps, the capacity of each pump being no greater than the combined capacity ofits associated engine-cylinders, the delivery of "of-the engine-cylinder by means of a" cham- *bered 'passag'e'in' which the charge is stored each'pu'inpbeing'connected to the inlet port ement; and -;the 

